超高强钢发展现状及其强韧化机理研究

程辉煌; 何博; 龚成琳; 牛振国; 曹鹏军; 牛娟娟

文章摘要

超高强钢发展现状及其强韧化机理研究

Current Status of Development and Research on Strengthening-Toughening Mechanisms of Ultra-High Strength Steel

投稿时间：2025-12-25 修订日期：2026-02-20

DOI：

英文关键词: ultra-high-strength steel, strengthening-toughening mechanisms, precipitation phases, microstructure, mechanical properties

基金项目:重庆市经信委2022年重庆市新材料首用计划项目（渝经信材料2022-10号）重庆科技大学研究生创新计划项目“1800MPa超高强度马氏体汽车用钢强韧机理研究” (YKJCX2420210)

作者	单位	邮编
程辉煌	重庆科技大学	401331
何博	重庆科技大学	401331
龚成琳	重庆科技大学	401331
牛振国	重庆科技大学	401331
曹鹏军^*	重庆科技大学	401331
牛娟娟	葛洲坝集团电力有限责任公司

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中文摘要:

超高强度钢因其卓越的力学性能在航空航天、汽车制造等高端制造领域应用广泛。当前，超高强度钢的研究主要聚焦于强度与韧性协同提升，通过合金化设计与优化、纳米析出相调控、表面处理技术及轧制工艺优化等多种强韧手段来实现材料性能突破。本文全面综述了超高强度钢发展历程，重点阐述低合金超高强度钢、二次硬化钢、马氏体时效钢及其他先进高强钢的强韧化机理，分析了合金元素、纳米析出相、TRIP 效应和轧制工艺对其组织性能的影响。未来，超高强度钢的发展将着眼于热处理工艺优化、激光增材制造技术应用、材料基因组计划以及生产线的改进与完善，以期开发出兼具低成本、超高强度和优异韧性的新型材料。

英文摘要:

Ultra-High Strength Steel (UHSS) is widely utilized in high-end manufacturing sectors such as aerospace and automotive engineering due to its outstanding mechanical properties . Current research on UHSS primarily focuses on the synergistic enhancement of strength and toughness, achieved through various strengthening and toughening strategies including alloy design and optimization, control of nano-precipitates, surface treatment technologies, and advanced rolling processes . This article provides a comprehensive review of the development history of UHSS, with emphasis on the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of low-alloy UHSS, secondary hardening steels, maraging steels, and other advanced high-strength steels. It also analyzes the influences of alloying elements, nano-precipitates, the TRIP effect, and rolling processes on microstructures and properties . Future development of UHSS will aim at optimizing heat treatment processes, applying laser additive manufacturing technologies, leveraging the Materials Genome Initiative, and improving production lines, with the goal of developing new materials that combine cost-effectiveness, ultra-high strength, and excellent toughness .

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